Primers

Primers are concise, accessible, and informative overviews of relevant technical topics for the DoD community.

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Two U.S. Army soldiers in gas masks with yellow smoke surrounding them in a simulated chemical attack exercise

What are choking agents?

Choking agents target and harm the respiratory system (nose, throat, and lungs) of persons. In more severe cases, lungs take on fluids, linings in the chest and lungs become inflamed, and death ensues from the...
A USAF medic applies moulage around the eyes of another medic ahead of a simulated blister agent attack exercise

What are blister agents?

Blister agents are chemicals that primarily cause injury to the skin. Direct contact with any body part causes blistering and burning, while inhalation of vapors may result in respiratory and ocular damage. Fluid loss, shock,...
HDIAC Primer - Nerve Agents

What are nerve agents?

Nerve agents are a part of the organophosphate family. They are intended to harm and eliminate adversaries by interacting with cholinesterase, a plasma enzyme that plays a crucial role in the performance of the nervous...