With even a mild or moderate Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), the warfighter may suffer cognitive and/or behavioral impairments. Although symptoms present clinically, the type of biological structural damage that occurs from TBI may be “invisible” to commonly-used medical and scientific visualization techniques. In this webinar, researchers from the U.S. Army Combat Capabilities Development Command’s Army Research Laboratory and the Illinois Institute of Technology describe novel applications of X-ray diffraction developed recently to better understand the initial expression of brain injuries in myelinated cells. They also discuss means of developing evolutionary models of brain injuries, as well as methods of treating and protecting against the incidence of TBI.